Neural Inhibition and Synaptic Information
Even though we see neurons as so complex because our brains work with them and we still could not understand the whole of them, nowadays we know that neurons actually show two states: they get active or not. Excitation and Inhibition come from these two states. If a neuron is excited, it gets active so takes the signal from one part of the brain and sends it to the connected parts. If it is inhibited, well, it does not get active, no signal will be carried out. Inhibitory neurons which are responsible for inhibition are almost 20% of the total neurons in a brain.
Inhibitory neurons our controllers of neural communication. Think about driving a car without any brake pedal. This is how our brains would be without inhibitory neurons. Inhibitory neurons check the excitation in our neural circuit and block it when it is necessary.
As we all know, information flows in our brains with the help of connectome which refers to the electrical activity circulate between neurons. The connection between neurons is called a synapse and there are 2 major types of synapses; Chemical and Electrical (Find a representative figure below). The electrical synapses are direct and physical connections between neurons via gap junctions whereas chemical synapses work with the flow of neurotransmitters between neurons via synaptic cleft.
